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AdobeStock_308752576-300x200Many business owners form limited liability companies (LLCs) or corporations specifically to create a business entity that will be separate from themselves and spare them personal liability. The alter ego theory often applies in many cases in which parties seek to “pierce the corporate veil” and hold a corporate officer accountable for their company’s misdeeds, and any person facing these types of issues will want to quickly contact a Texas corporate attorney.

The alter ego theory establishes that people can be liable when they are using a corporation to engage in fraud and shield themselves from liability. While courts have long recognized most business entities as being legitimately free from liability, the alter ego theory allows courts to impose liability on bad actors.

Texas Laws Relating to Alter Ego

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AdobeStock_531838016-300x200It’s becoming increasingly common for manufacturers to turn to distributors to sell their products to reduce the overhead costs of processing orders, logistics, and more. The manufacturer sells the product to the distributor, which then resells the product at a profit. The distributor ostensibly has the infrastructure to process these sales and a keen understanding of the market in which they operate. Instead of taking on the overhead of distribution themselves, they can hire experts who operate within this market on a daily basis and have the infrastructure to meet demand. From the distributor’s point of view, they get access to the product without the overhead of manufacturing. Distributors and manufacturers can thus operate on a symbiotic basis, each making the other more profitable by staying in their lane of expertise.

Problems arise, however, on the distributor side. Distributors may spend years cultivating a relationship with a manufacturer only to find that the manufacturer now wants to handle distribution in-house. In Europe, you cannot fire a distributor without a severance package. In California, distributors have no such protection.

In this article, a Silicon Valley business litigation attorney will discuss how distributors can protect themselves with strong distribution agreements that protect their interest in a market.

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AdobeStock_283452126_Editorial_Use_Only-300x189It doesn’t take long on the internet to find extremist language, hate speech, and accusations of censorship. Often these are all found within the same post. Business owners have free speech rights, but free speech from any employee can expose a company to liability for false statements. It is important for business owners to create clear corporate policies about employee communications both on company websites and personal social media channels.

The Current Legal Standard

Current case law on this issue dates back a few decades. In 1964, the Supreme Court decided New York Times Company v. Sullivan, a First Amendment case involving published criticism of public officials. The Court found that Sullivan had indeed proven that the New York Times had published inaccurate statements about his office and subordinates. The fact that the statements were false did not, however, support his case for libel. The Court enacted a new standard of “actual malice.” This new rule means that an official must prove the false statement was published with the knowledge that it was false – or with gross recklessness – to sustain a libel case. Unless this legal definition of “actual malice” exists, the false statements are protected as free speech under the First Amendment.

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AdobeStock_279619074-300x200Preference related to creditor’s rights issues. If a company files for bankruptcy, the matter is turned over to a bankruptcy trustee who takes control of the debtor’s estate. In the case of the company, they have powers over the company. Preference specifically deals with voiding transactions within the last 90 days of a bankruptcy filing (sometimes longer) if it benefits one creditor to the detriment of another creditor. Such a transfer is referred to as a preference.

Let’s use a simple example commonly found in consumer bankruptcies. The debtor has maxed their credit cards with no hope of repayment, so they file for bankruptcy. Before doing so, however, they repay their grandmother the $100 they borrowed in 2015. The bankruptcy trustee can demand the $100 back from the grandmother as she has been given preferential treatment to the corporations that own the majority of the debtor’s debt.

This benefits both the creditor and the debtor. For the creditor, it prevents the debtor from moving assets out of their estate for the purpose of hiding them from the trustee. For the debtor, it prevents the creditor from using aggressive tactics that would drive them into bankruptcy since it isn’t just their debt that’s going to be repaid. In these cases, the trustee sends a demand letter to the debtor demanding the repayment of the transaction.

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AdobeStock_232564567-300x200Many small business owners in Texas need to account for the future of the ownership and continuity of their business, and a buy-sell agreement will often accomplish these goals. When you need help crafting a buy-sell agreement, make sure you are working with a skilled Texas business attorney.

Texas Buy-sell agreements can come into play for both unforeseen and foreseen events among owners, including a business partner dying, becoming disabled, getting divorced, or declaring bankruptcy. Other complications can include a business partner changing their vision for the company, losing interest in the business, needing a cash infusion, or acting in bad faith.

Necessary Elements of a Buy-Sell Agreement

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AdobeStock_360567140-300x200California Governor Gavin Newsom signed several laws in 2022 that will have a significant impact on employers throughout the state, with some laws becoming effective the moment they were signed and others becoming effective as of January 1, 2023. It is important for all employers to know that New Year’s Day marked the first day of the state’s new minimum wage for all employees that is set to be $15.50 per hour, regardless of employer size. As a business owner in California, you should be aware of the following new laws that have gone into effect in 2023. By familiarizing yourself with these new laws, you can help ensure that your business remains compliant and up to date with the latest regulations.

New employment laws in California relate to many different topics, ranging from off-duty marijuana use to leaves of absence to reproductive rights. If you’re facing a business litigation concern, make sure you seek out an experienced California business attorney at Structure Law, Group, LLP. With so many changes in the law, it’s important to stay informed and get the help you need to make sure you’re in compliance with all relevant laws.

To help you stay informed, here is a brief overview of some of the new laws that have gone into effect in 2023:

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AdobeStock_363999428-300x200Post-closing disputes in many private mergers and acquisitions (M&As) can quickly turn once beneficial business decisions into sources of complete frustration and possible value destruction. When you are considering a merger or acquisition in Texas, it’s important to have the right legal representation on your side to ensure the process goes as smoothly as possible. At Structure Law Group, LLP, our experienced Austin mergers and acquisitions attorneys have the expertise and knowledge to provide you with the best possible legal advice and guidance to ensure a successful transaction.

Several post-closing disputes result from proper planning and insufficient forethought before people execute acquisition agreements. When you exercise the necessary diligence and retain legal counsel, you will be far less likely to end up in a dispute.

Earnouts

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AdobeStock_244916454-300x200A limited liability company (LLC) is a type of business entity. When formed properly and managed correctly, this business type can offer some protection from liability. Many business owners prefer the LLC because it can protect their personal assets from being used to satisfy the debts of the business. An LLC is not, however, the only business entity type that exists. Los Angeles business owners should consult with a business formation lawyer to explore the different options. A Los Angeles business formation attorney can help you select the business entity that best meets your specific business goals. At Structure Law Group, LLP our experienced Los Angeles LLC lawyers help entrepreneurs form LLCs to protect their assets and run these businesses in ways that minimize the LLC owners’ personal liability.

What Are the Benefits of an LLC?

There are many benefits to forming an LLC. When one or more owners – also referred to as “members” – form an LLC, these members can protect their personal assets from being used to satisfy business debts. Only their initial investments are placed at risk. However, there are many legal formalities that must be observed to enjoy this protection. The LLC must be formed properly under state laws. Here in California, doing so means filing the required paperwork with the California Secretary of State’s office. The business must also observe certain formalities in the way it is run post-formation. This observation of formalities requirement means that LLC owners do not simply get automatic protection as soon as they have filed the LLC paperwork with the relevant state.

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AdobeStock_301407508_Editorial_Use_Only-300x200Digital currency is becoming an increasingly popular way of conducting business, particularly due to the rise in contactless payments brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. The Office of the Comptroller of Currency (OCC) has issued new guidance to ensure that financial institutions use digital currency safely. The OCC’s requirements include the need for banks to understand the risks associated with digital currency, to have an effective risk management program in place, and to ensure that anti-money laundering and consumer protection laws are followed.

Business owners should make sure they understand the OCC’s requirements and how they affect their business. Structure Law Group, LLP’s California corporate lawyers can help business owners stay compliant with the OCC’s requirements and ensure they are safely engaging with digital currency. Our highly skilled corporate lawyers can also provide advice on how to protect your business from potential risks associated with digital currency transactions. Learn more about the OCC’s requirements, what they mean for business owners.

What the OCC Rule Says

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AdobeStock_168060971-300x200Prop 19 is now effective in California. The new law makes changes to existing property tax laws, so it is important for homeowners to understand how their tax obligations can change under the new rules. Business owners must also be prepared for changes to property tax assessments on corporate real estate holdings. Learn more about the changes to state property tax laws, what business owners need to do to prepare for these changes, and how a California corporate attorney can help you determine the best way to manage real estate assets held by your business. With advanced planning, your business will be prepared to meet its tax obligations without compromising its financial goals.

What Is Prop 19?

According to the Office of the San Francisco Assessor-Recorder, Prop 19 makes changes to certain state property tax benefits. The law is an amendment to the state constitution that limits certain property tax benefits to make them available to others who need them. For example, this amendment requires an owner who inherits family property to use the home as a primary residence in order to retain the lower property value assessment for tax purposes. On the other hand, a homeowner who is over 55 years of age, disabled, or the victim of a wildfire or natural disaster may transfer a low property tax base on a replacement residence up to three times. These amendments have large impacts on families, especially in the bay area where the value of homes have increased significantly for many individuals who are now looking to pass the property on to their children.

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