Benefit Corporation and Social Purpose Corporation—alternatives to forming a purely “for profit” Business
What do you do when you want your business to incorporate positive social or environmental impact goals into its core objectives along with maximizing profits? In California, entrepreneurs who do not want to form a nonprofit but, nevertheless, want to structure their business to take into account a social purpose or a public benefit (and not focus only on maximizing profits for its shareholders) have the options of forming a public benefit corporation or a social purpose corporation. In a traditional corporation, directors and officers must prioritize shareholders’ interests above all else or risk being in breach of their fiduciary duties to them. In these alternative forms, the business must consider the interests of other stakeholders and not just its shareholders in making corporate decisions. Note, however, that, unlike nonprofits, neither benefit corporations nor social purpose corporations get special tax treatment. In many respects they are identical to a traditional corporation. Some of the main feature of these alternatives to a traditional corporation are briefly discussed below.
Benefit Corporation: One alternative to a traditional purely for-profit corporation in California is a benefit corporation. Under this structure, the corporation may pursue public benefit goals along with the traditional goal of maximizing profits for its owners. Benefit corporations are creatures of statute in California and are organized under the General Corporation Law of California. The articles of a benefit corporation must state “this corporation is a benefit corporation”. The articles may also identify one or more specific public benefit purpose(s) which may include: